Bjarke Ingels Group--丹麦难民博物馆

达人网eric · 发表于 2022-8-5 11:19:25

Bjarke Ingels于2005年创立Bjarke Ingels Group，2001年共同创立了PLOT Architects事务所，并在鹿特丹OMA工作。

Bjarke将建筑定义为确保我们的城市和符合我们想要的生活方式的艺术和科学。

通过仔细分析各种参数，从当地文化和气候，不断变化的当代生活模式，到全球经济的潮起潮落，Bjarke相信信息驱动设计的理念是他设计过程的源泉。

Bjarke被《时代》杂志评为2016年全球100位最具影响力的人物之一，在全球范围内设计和完成了屡获殊荣的建筑。

Bjarke Ingels founded BIG – Bjarke Ingels Group in 2005 after co-founding PLOT Architects in 2001 and working at OMA in Rotterdam. Bjarke defines architecture as the art and science of making sure our cities and buildings fit with the way we want to live our lives. Through careful analysis of various parameters from local culture and climate, ever-changing patterns of contemporary life, to the ebbs and flows of the global economy, Bjarke believes in the idea of information-driven-design as the driving force for his design process. Named one of the 100 Most Influential People in the World by TIME Magazine in 2016, Bjarke has designed and completed award-winning buildings globally.

丹麦难民博物馆 FLUGT 位于丹麦二战期间最大的难民营所在地“奥克斯伯尔区（Oksbøl）”，其致力于为世界各地的难民发声，并意在捕捉流离失所的人们所共同面临的巨大挑战、情感颠簸、精神考验及各自的故事等。FLUGT是BIG事务所为致力于区域历史考古、传播和收集的地方机构Vardemuseerne所打造的第二座博物馆。BIG对难民营仅有的几栋医院建筑进行了改造和扩建，使之成为一座1600平方米的博物馆。

FLUGT is BIG’s second museum for Vardemuseerne: a local institution dedicated to archaeology, dissemination, and collection of historical knowledge about the region. BIG has adapted and extended one of the camp’s few remaining structures – a hospital building – into a 1,600 m2 museum.FLUGT is BIG’s second museum for Vardemuseerne: a local institution dedicated to archaeology, dissemination, and collection of historical knowledge about the region. BIG has adapted and extended one of the camp’s few remaining structures – a hospital building – into a 1,600 ㎡ museum.

在人数最多的时期，该难民营成为了丹麦的“第五大城市”。如今，尽管奥克斯伯尔的难民营已经所剩无几，但迁移至新国家的故事仍旧一如既往地包含现实意义。

At its peak, the camp became the fifth-largest city of Denmark at the time. Today, little of the camp in Oksbøl remains, but the story of arriving at the doorstep of a new country is as relevant as ever.

区位示意 ©BIG

Oksbøl难民营历史照片 ©BIG

被改造为FLUGT的医院建筑原本是由两座细长的体量构成，BIG将它们从建筑和历史两个层面上连接起来，并增加了一座形态柔和的曲线型体量，为博物馆提供了500平方米的额外空间。

即使站在远处，人们也能一眼望见这座温暖友好的建筑。

The former hospital, which is transformed into FLUGT, is comprised of two elongated buildings. BIG has connected the two buildings architecturally and historically by adding a soft curve-shaped volume which brings 500㎡ of additional space to the museum and creates a welcoming structure, visible from afar.

FLUGT设计示意 ©BIG

建筑的曲线缓缓伸向街道，为进入博物馆的游客创造了热情欢迎的氛围。

结构外包锈蚀钢板，和原有医院建筑的红砖一起给人以家的感觉。

从外看去，抽象的体块将游客引入看似封闭的入口大厅。

The curve is gently pulled towards the street to create an inviting arrival moment for the museum visitors. Clad in Corten steel, the structure feels at home along the red bricks of the former hospital buildings. From outside, the abstract volume welcomes visitors into what appears to be a closed entry hall.

然而，进入建筑后，一面通高的弧形玻璃墙将有顶绿色庭院和森林展现在人们面前，曾经的难民营便坐落于此。

自然光通过庭院流入门厅，这里既可以是大厅，也可以用作临时展场，为游客继续他们的博物馆之旅预热。

Upon entering, a floor-to-ceiling curved glass wall reveals a view of a sheltered green courtyard and the forest, where the refugee camp used to be. The courtyard lets light flow into the entry hall that functions as a lobby or a temporary exhibition space for guests to experience before continuing their journey into one of the museum wings.

北翼的展览空间包括根据原本的医院流线组织的展廊。

尽管大部分医院房间的墙面已经倒塌，一些内墙依旧保持了原本的的样子，由三个交叉构件维持稳定，形成了较大的展览空间。

The exhibition area in the north wing contains gallery spaces organized according to the original flow/circulation in the hospital. While most of the hospital room walls were torn down, some of the inside walls are kept intact and stabilized by three cross sections, creating larger exhibition spaces.

南翼由灵活的会议室、较小的展厅、咖啡厅和后勤设施组成，与北翼采用相同材料，特征一致。

白色墙面的交接处覆盖白色木板，方向依据天花线的角度而定；

整栋博物馆的地面均铺设黄色地砖，将过去和现在的结构连接在一起。

The south wing features a flexible conference room, smaller exhibition spaces, cafe, and back of house functions with the same character and materiality as in the north wing: white walls and intersections covered in white painted wood boards oriented according to the angle ceiling line, as well as yellow bricks across the entire museum floor, connecting past and present structures.

除了保留和重新利用医院建筑的历史价值，延长原有结构的寿命还帮助BIG实现了减少浪费、节约资源的设计任务，在材料生产和运输方面创造了较小的碳足迹。

In addition to preserving and reusing the hospital buildings for historical value, extending the lifespan of the existing structures supports BIG’s mission of reducing waste, conserving resources, and creating a smaller carbon footprint as it relates to materials manufacturing and transport.

BIG景观设计的庭院在博物馆内外创造了一种平和的感官体验。

庭院中央是一片小小的镜面水池，反射上方的天空。

水盆周围种满了当地常见的荒野植物，突显了地域特征。

游客在博物馆中会体验到丹麦历史上的一个重要场所，对难民的经历产生新的理解。

The courtyard designed by BIG Landscape creates a peaceful sensory experience inside the museum as well as outside. A small mirror pool in the heart of the courtyard reflects the sky above it. Around the basin, heath planting known from the region emphasizes the identity of the area. Visitors leave the museum having experienced a part of an important place in Danish history, with a new perspective on the refugee experience.

BIG于哥本哈根、纽约、伦敦、巴塞罗那和深圳均设有办事处，团队包含建筑师、设计师、城市规划师、景观专业人士、室内和产品设计师、研究人员和发明家。该办事处目前参与了遍布欧洲、北美、亚洲和中东的大量项目。BIG的建筑源于对当代生活不断发展和变化的仔细分析。尤其是由于多元文化交流、全球经济化和通信技术的影响，所有这些都需要新的建筑和城市组织方式。我们相信，为了应对当今的挑战，建筑可以有利地进入一个基本上未被探索的领域。一个务实的乌托邦建筑，避开了乏味的实用主义和数字形式主义的思想，就像一种程序化炼金术一样，我们通过混合生活、休闲、工作、停车和购物等传统成分来创造建筑。通过触及实用主义和乌托邦之间的肥沃重叠，我们建筑师再次找到了改变我们星球表面的自由，以更好地适应当代生命形式。